Aristotle Tutors Alexander the Great
The philosopher Aristotle was appointed by Philip II of Macedon to tutor the young Alexander the Great, grounding the future conqueror in Greek thought. The systematic philosophy of Aristotle shaped the Hellenistic culture that spread across the lands of the Bible and that Paul would later encounter among Greek thinkers.
Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch
The evangelist Philip encounters an Ethiopian official reading Isaiah on the road to Gaza. Philip explains the Gospel, and the eunuch is baptized.
Third Crusade
Saladin recaptures Jerusalem in 1187, prompting Richard the Lionheart, Philip II of France, and Frederick Barbarossa to launch a crusade. Richard wins battles but fails to retake Jerusalem, negotiating pilgrim access instead.